Knowing how python manage the memory for you gives you the ability to write better performance programs

then I will share some real world examples, which discuss common memory problems

How python manage memory ?

First we need to say everything in python is an object (variable, function, class instances, etc…)

how python deal with these objects:

1. Private heap: it stores all objects in the program in a heap structure the interpreter has exclusive access to this heap
2. Garbage collection: every object has reference counter when this become zero object become garbage and got deleted
3. Memory allocation strategies: Python employs various memory allocation strategies to manage memory efficiently. For instance, it maintains a pool of integer objects for small integers, which are used frequently, to avoid allocating memory each time a new integer is needed.

Real life Tips

1. Object mutability: modifying an existing object can be more memory-efficient than creating a new object – Note mutable (lists, dictionaries) and immutable types (like strings, tuples)
2. allocation pool: Python uses a pool for small objects, and that creating many small objects can be more efficient than creating a few large ones.
3. Memory leaks: use del to remove references can prevent memory leaks – very important in long-running applications'
4. data structure: using generators or iterators instead of lists for large data sets can significantly reduce memory usage.
5. Caching: understanding caching strategies like functools.lru_cache can balance memory usage with performance gains
6. Profiling memory: use tools such as memory_profilerhelp you diagnose where memory is being inefficiently used or where leaks are occurring.